Instrument Procedures

Prepare for: Departure, En Route and Arrival Procedures

Flying ODPs, SIDs and STARs and managing the en route phase.

Your CFI's syllabus and your airplane's POH come first. This page is a general study aid to help you show up prepared.

What you'll do

  1. Brief the departure procedure before takeoff, including climb gradients.
  2. Follow the published routing and altitude restrictions.
  3. En route: monitor altitude, frequencies and minimum altitudes on the chart.
  4. Brief arrivals and the likely approach early.

The standard you'll be held to

Quoted from the current FAA Airman Certification Standards for each level that tests this.

Instrument Rating ACS (FAA-S-ACS-8C)Task IR.V.B · Departure, En Route, and Arrival Operations
  • Select, identify (as necessary) and use the appropriate communication and navigation facilities associated with the proposed flight.
  • Perform the appropriate checklist items relative to the phase of flight.
  • Use the current and appropriate paper or electronic navigation publications.
  • Establish two-way communications with the proper controlling agency, use proper phraseology, and comply in a timely manner with all ATC instructions and airspace restrictions.
  • Intercept all courses, radials, and bearings appropriate to the procedure, route, or clearance in a timely manner.
  • Comply with all applicable charted procedures.
  • Maintain airspeed ±10 knots, altitude ±100 feet, and selected headings ±10°, and apply proper correction to maintain a course allowing no more than ¾-scale deflection of the course deviation indicator (CDI).
  • Update/interpret weather in flight.
  • Use displays of digital weather and aeronautical information, as applicable to maintain situational awareness.
  • Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.

Open the full ACS (PDF) ↗

Read it in the FAA handbooks

The official chapters behind this page. Each link opens the exact chapter, free on faa.gov. See the full Study Library.

Prepare the night before

  • Read the departure procedures for your home airport.
  • Learn to read IFR en route charts.

Common mistakes

  • Missing climb gradient requirements.
  • Briefing the approach too late.

Questions to ask your instructor

  • Which departure will we use most?
  • How early should I brief the approach?

Check yourself

Something wrong or out of date? Report an error

← All Lesson Prep